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This function uses a dataframe, PCA variables, and a scaled boolean to generate a dataframe with principal components as columns.

Usage

pca_data(data, pcavars, scaled = FALSE)

Arguments

data

The dataframe to add principal components to.

pcavars

The variables to include in the principle component analysis

scaled

A boolean (TRUE or FALSE) indicating if the pcavars are already scaled

Value

A plot showing PC1 on the x axis, PC2 on the y axis, colored by group, with vectors and labels showing the individual pca variables.

Examples

pca_data(iris, iris[,c(1:4)], FALSE)
#>     Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width    Species           PC1
#> 1            5.1         3.5          1.4         0.2     setosa -0.1082395313
#> 2            4.9         3.0          1.4         0.2     setosa -0.0994577561
#> 3            4.7         3.2          1.3         0.2     setosa -0.1129963029
#> 4            4.6         3.1          1.5         0.2     setosa -0.1098970995
#> 5            5.0         3.6          1.4         0.2     setosa -0.1142204597
#> 6            5.4         3.9          1.7         0.4     setosa -0.0992030036
#> 7            4.6         3.4          1.4         0.3     setosa -0.1168102651
#> 8            5.0         3.4          1.5         0.2     setosa -0.1067170177
#> 9            4.4         2.9          1.4         0.2     setosa -0.1115821423
#> 10           4.9         3.1          1.5         0.1     setosa -0.1043980945
#> 11           5.4         3.7          1.5         0.2     setosa -0.1035369360
#> 12           4.8         3.4          1.6         0.2     setosa -0.1111754327
#> 13           4.8         3.0          1.4         0.1     setosa -0.1060289608
#> 14           4.3         3.0          1.1         0.1     setosa -0.1258467928
#> 15           5.8         4.0          1.2         0.2     setosa -0.1050869241
#> 16           5.7         4.4          1.5         0.4     setosa -0.1081206062
#> 17           5.4         3.9          1.3         0.4     setosa -0.1055097633
#> 18           5.1         3.5          1.4         0.3     setosa -0.1046858790
#> 19           5.7         3.8          1.7         0.3     setosa -0.0907406226
#> 20           5.1         3.8          1.5         0.3     setosa -0.1119993170
#> 21           5.4         3.4          1.7         0.2     setosa -0.0914934282
#> 22           5.1         3.7          1.5         0.4     setosa -0.1054822888
#> 23           4.6         3.6          1.0         0.2     setosa -0.1325974291
#> 24           5.1         3.3          1.7         0.5     setosa -0.0869217526
#> 25           4.8         3.4          1.9         0.2     setosa -0.1064453629
#> 26           5.0         3.0          1.6         0.2     setosa -0.0932868238
#> 27           5.0         3.4          1.6         0.4     setosa -0.0980330233
#> 28           5.2         3.5          1.5         0.2     setosa -0.1036452889
#> 29           5.2         3.4          1.4         0.2     setosa -0.1022586028
#> 30           4.7         3.2          1.6         0.2     setosa -0.1082662331
#> 31           4.8         3.1          1.6         0.2     setosa -0.1022853047
#> 32           5.4         3.4          1.5         0.4     setosa -0.0875395035
#> 33           5.2         4.1          1.5         0.1     setosa -0.1249791972
#> 34           5.5         4.2          1.4         0.2     setosa -0.1169129535
#> 35           4.9         3.1          1.5         0.2     setosa -0.1008444422
#> 36           5.0         3.2          1.2         0.2     setosa -0.1055203356
#> 37           5.5         3.5          1.3         0.2     setosa -0.0977460115
#> 38           4.9         3.6          1.4         0.1     setosa -0.1207916644
#> 39           4.4         3.0          1.3         0.2     setosa -0.1161222082
#> 40           5.1         3.4          1.5         0.2     setosa -0.1036994653
#> 41           5.0         3.5          1.3         0.3     setosa -0.1092801213
#> 42           4.5         2.3          1.3         0.3     setosa -0.0888073715
#> 43           4.4         3.2          1.3         0.2     setosa -0.1220489602
#> 44           5.0         3.5          1.6         0.6     setosa -0.0938890947
#> 45           5.1         3.8          1.9         0.4     setosa -0.1021389050
#> 46           4.8         3.0          1.4         0.3     setosa -0.0989216563
#> 47           5.1         3.8          1.6         0.2     setosa -0.1139762794
#> 48           4.6         3.2          1.4         0.2     setosa -0.1144371654
#> 49           5.3         3.7          1.5         0.2     setosa -0.1065544885
#> 50           5.0         3.3          1.4         0.2     setosa -0.1053303317
#> 51           7.0         3.2          4.7         1.4 versicolor  0.0526586881
#> 52           6.4         3.2          4.5         1.5 versicolor  0.0349536459
#> 53           6.9         3.1          4.9         1.5 versicolor  0.0593115438
#> 54           5.5         2.3          4.0         1.3 versicolor  0.0194753038
#> 55           6.5         2.8          4.6         1.5 versicolor  0.0514013923
#> 56           5.7         2.8          4.5         1.3 versicolor  0.0185769784
#> 57           6.3         3.3          4.7         1.6 versicolor  0.0356797497
#> 58           4.9         2.4          3.3         1.0 versicolor -0.0232911731
#> 59           6.6         2.9          4.6         1.3 versicolor  0.0443482642
#> 60           5.2         2.7          3.9         1.4 versicolor  0.0005461049
#> 61           5.0         2.0          3.5         1.0 versicolor -0.0052667368
#> 62           5.9         3.0          4.2         1.5 versicolor  0.0210625660
#> 63           6.0         2.2          4.0         1.0 versicolor  0.0268654851
#> 64           6.1         2.9          4.7         1.4 versicolor  0.0343908442
#> 65           5.6         2.9          3.6         1.3 versicolor -0.0015941595
#> 66           6.7         3.1          4.4         1.4 versicolor  0.0418393370
#> 67           5.6         3.0          4.5         1.5 versicolor  0.0167399785
#> 68           5.8         2.7          4.1         1.0 versicolor  0.0075901902
#> 69           6.2         2.2          4.5         1.5 versicolor  0.0585523010
#> 70           5.6         2.5          3.9         1.1 versicolor  0.0078821098
#> 71           5.9         3.2          4.8         1.8 versicolor  0.0352569104
#> 72           6.1         2.8          4.0         1.3 versicolor  0.0227637384
#> 73           6.3         2.5          4.9         1.5 versicolor  0.0589864852
#> 74           6.1         2.8          4.7         1.2 versicolor  0.0302469157
#> 75           6.4         2.9          4.3         1.3 versicolor  0.0335830895
#> 76           6.6         3.0          4.4         1.4 versicolor  0.0417851606
#> 77           6.8         2.8          4.8         1.4 versicolor  0.0600537772
#> 78           6.7         3.0          5.0         1.7 versicolor  0.0649238094
#> 79           6.0         2.9          4.5         1.5 versicolor  0.0317735642
#> 80           5.7         2.6          3.5         1.0 versicolor -0.0019241258
#> 81           5.5         2.4          3.8         1.1 versicolor  0.0062512434
#> 82           5.5         2.4          3.7         1.0 versicolor  0.0011209012
#> 83           5.8         2.7          3.9         1.2 versicolor  0.0115441149
#> 84           6.0         2.7          5.1         1.6 versicolor  0.0507141081
#> 85           5.4         3.0          4.5         1.5 versicolor  0.0107048737
#> 86           6.0         3.4          4.5         1.6 versicolor  0.0205103365
#> 87           6.7         3.1          4.7         1.5 versicolor  0.0501230591
#> 88           6.3         2.3          4.4         1.3 versicolor  0.0499224830
#> 89           5.6         3.0          4.1         1.3 versicolor  0.0033259142
#> 90           5.5         2.5          4.0         1.3 versicolor  0.0135485518
#> 91           5.5         2.6          4.4         1.2 versicolor  0.0133382833
#> 92           6.1         3.0          4.6         1.4 versicolor  0.0298507783
#> 93           5.8         2.6          4.0         1.2 versicolor  0.0160841808
#> 94           5.0         2.3          3.3         1.0 versicolor -0.0173102447
#> 95           5.6         2.7          4.2         1.3 versicolor  0.0137927321
#> 96           5.7         3.0          4.2         1.2 versicolor  0.0043665043
#> 97           5.7         2.9          4.2         1.3 versicolor  0.0108835326
#> 98           6.2         2.9          4.3         1.3 versicolor  0.0275479846
#> 99           5.1         2.5          3.0         1.1 versicolor -0.0213958618
#> 100          5.7         2.8          4.1         1.3 versicolor  0.0122702186
#> 101          6.3         3.3          6.0         2.5  virginica  0.0881595893
#> 102          5.8         2.7          5.1         1.9  virginica  0.0553399601
#> 103          7.1         3.0          5.9         2.1  virginica  0.1053988377
#> 104          6.3         2.9          5.6         1.8  virginica  0.0688307676
#> 105          6.5         3.0          5.8         2.2  virginica  0.0892704855
#> 106          7.6         3.0          6.6         2.1  virginica  0.1315234294
#> 107          4.9         2.5          4.5         1.7  virginica  0.0175412961
#> 108          7.3         2.9          6.3         1.8  virginica  0.1100431214
#> 109          6.7         2.5          5.8         1.8  virginica  0.0959078612
#> 110          7.2         3.6          6.1         2.5  virginica  0.1080041231
#> 111          6.5         3.2          5.1         2.0  virginica  0.0651995994
#> 112          6.4         2.7          5.3         1.9  virginica  0.0765986545
#> 113          6.8         3.0          5.5         2.1  virginica  0.0900394207
#> 114          5.7         2.5          5.0         2.0  virginica  0.0602261220
#> 115          5.8         2.8          5.1         2.4  virginica  0.0701448455
#> 116          6.4         3.2          5.3         2.3  virginica  0.0759963837
#> 117          6.5         3.0          5.5         1.8  virginica  0.0703258066
#> 118          7.7         3.8          6.7         2.2  virginica  0.1159643160
#> 119          7.7         2.6          6.9         2.3  virginica  0.1582318602
#> 120          6.0         2.2          5.0         1.5  virginica  0.0604006459
#> 121          6.9         3.2          5.7         2.3  virginica  0.0973909055
#> 122          5.6         2.8          4.9         2.0  virginica  0.0467417517
#> 123          7.7         2.8          6.7         2.0  virginica  0.1384907715
#> 124          6.3         2.7          4.9         1.8  virginica  0.0637206901
#> 125          6.7         3.3          5.7         2.1  virginica  0.0812851201
#> 126          7.2         3.2          6.0         1.8  virginica  0.0934053712
#> 127          6.2         2.8          4.8         1.8  virginica  0.0561630717
#> 128          6.1         3.0          4.9         1.8  virginica  0.0487954572
#> 129          6.4         2.8          5.6         2.1  virginica  0.0854726529
#> 130          7.2         3.0          5.8         1.6  virginica  0.0890714388
#> 131          7.4         2.8          6.1         1.9  virginica  0.1164243223
#> 132          7.9         3.8          6.4         2.0  virginica  0.1101620465
#> 133          6.4         2.8          5.6         2.2  virginica  0.0890263052
#> 134          6.3         2.8          5.1         1.5  virginica  0.0532497371
#> 135          6.1         2.6          5.6         1.4  virginica  0.0574711817
#> 136          7.7         3.0          6.1         2.3  virginica  0.1337648367
#> 137          6.3         3.4          5.6         2.4  virginica  0.0753358013
#> 138          6.4         3.1          5.5         1.8  virginica  0.0643448781
#> 139          6.0         3.0          4.8         1.8  virginica  0.0442012149
#> 140          6.9         3.1          5.4         2.1  virginica  0.0885169072
#> 141          6.7         3.1          5.6         2.4  virginica  0.0962961390
#> 142          6.9         3.1          5.1         2.3  virginica  0.0908941419
#> 143          5.8         2.7          5.1         1.9  virginica  0.0553399601
#> 144          6.8         3.2          5.9         2.3  virginica  0.0975267330
#> 145          6.7         3.3          5.7         2.5  virginica  0.0954997292
#> 146          6.7         3.0          5.2         2.3  virginica  0.0893991030
#> 147          6.3         2.5          5.0         1.9  virginica  0.0747777843
#> 148          6.5         3.0          5.2         2.0  virginica  0.0727030413
#> 149          6.2         3.4          5.4         2.3  virginica  0.0656112167
#> 150          5.9         3.0          5.1         1.8  virginica  0.0459137323
#>               PC2          PC3          PC4
#> 1   -0.0409957970  0.027218646  0.013710648
#> 2    0.0575731483  0.050003401  0.058435855
#> 3    0.0292000319 -0.009420891  0.016098333
#> 4    0.0510193897 -0.019457133 -0.037416661
#> 5   -0.0552417975 -0.003354363 -0.020379051
#> 6   -0.1271804935 -0.005747892  0.003748828
#> 7   -0.0040689659 -0.071500545 -0.020862814
#> 8   -0.0190575546  0.018904131 -0.013962469
#> 9    0.0952525283 -0.030920984 -0.015237265
#> 10   0.0400552488  0.054086370 -0.022634909
#> 11  -0.0891344989  0.057265395  0.009491723
#> 12  -0.0113653128 -0.019983394 -0.075725286
#> 13   0.0622312605  0.049215308  0.001375727
#> 14   0.0821157306 -0.038534006 -0.010900993
#> 15  -0.1588547893  0.100791840  0.110471545
#> 16  -0.2294172328 -0.006506294  0.028667844
#> 17  -0.1267049550  0.001139014  0.107116335
#> 18  -0.0417483459  0.009423839  0.052810307
#> 19  -0.1199930706  0.079785722  0.034659809
#> 20  -0.0963219219 -0.028268219 -0.021419258
#> 21  -0.0349175769  0.089792273  0.006195658
#> 22  -0.0789229070 -0.034072915  0.033809630
#> 23  -0.0391440060 -0.070799052  0.011146576
#> 24  -0.0073069701 -0.007350733  0.085742453
#> 25  -0.0117219667 -0.025148574 -0.153250916
#> 26   0.0534298158  0.065142846  0.024712572
#> 27  -0.0206815371 -0.018407209  0.038394972
#> 28  -0.0450202449  0.044079818  0.005829242
#> 29  -0.0267497965  0.057791656  0.047800348
#> 30   0.0288433780 -0.014586072 -0.061427297
#> 31   0.0430893785  0.015986938 -0.027337597
#> 32  -0.0361849054  0.057646113  0.136078728
#> 33  -0.1531770786 -0.010066038 -0.130045793
#> 34  -0.1836789964  0.017619469 -0.027352078
#> 35   0.0393026999  0.036291563  0.016464749
#> 36   0.0176022268  0.048049532  0.095821620
#> 37  -0.0564991653  0.103271968  0.111394405
#> 38  -0.0505836854 -0.004142455 -0.077439180
#> 39   0.0772198492 -0.041189367 -0.005524618
#> 40  -0.0229631179  0.037487030  0.003998001
#> 41  -0.0377238980 -0.007437333  0.060691714
#> 42   0.1996226835  0.043529498  0.164440117
#> 43   0.0409167217 -0.065169588 -0.037783077
#> 44  -0.0403381986 -0.065986933  0.100465059
#> 45  -0.0975500093 -0.052949932 -0.085687106
#> 46   0.0607261627  0.013625695  0.079575044
#> 47  -0.0956882576 -0.012195139 -0.086360793
#> 48   0.0329867105 -0.029725517 -0.027704013
#> 49  -0.0852289357  0.038682496 -0.008468747
#> 50  -0.0007871062  0.032615968  0.028008637
#> 51  -0.0737005873  0.145909396  0.019761239
#> 52  -0.0507819874  0.020060649  0.002781831
#> 53  -0.0526337785  0.118078347  0.005345903
#> 54   0.1498316767  0.004923799  0.037310732
#> 55   0.0177998198  0.084882263  0.059417342
#> 56   0.0506683081 -0.026469588 -0.136623859
#> 57  -0.0660183061 -0.031750621 -0.043891963
#> 58   0.1582033316 -0.053127198 -0.022987157
#> 59  -0.0027522095  0.127064665 -0.016950735
#> 60   0.0883084471 -0.114858419 -0.016146060
#> 61   0.2266662541  0.009972690  0.007806478
#> 62   0.0054056103 -0.043708445  0.022763570
#> 63   0.1507130709  0.163212825  0.025943335
#> 64   0.0159041732  0.014633637 -0.093495303
#> 65   0.0374922694 -0.041547057  0.061863332
#> 66  -0.0434756799  0.107315989  0.059534688
#> 67   0.0167656461 -0.104622322 -0.108643470
#> 68   0.0676474939  0.064374748 -0.116465628
#> 69   0.1385447768  0.102795955  0.128153185
#> 70   0.1112469683  0.036837818 -0.029344698
#> 71  -0.0338684718 -0.131403446 -0.047247173
#> 72   0.0356404784  0.056470641  0.064427405
#> 73   0.0797089836  0.078521616 -0.005641540
#> 74   0.0355608348  0.062213361 -0.155565391
#> 75   0.0054155709  0.095064047  0.024653955
#> 76  -0.0214185528  0.100723201  0.057703448
#> 77   0.0065979096  0.154982313  0.022515340
#> 78  -0.0282950706  0.055591320  0.037911633
#> 79   0.0192949569 -0.018300615 -0.020672361
#> 80   0.0904179288  0.068112319  0.036754391
#> 81   0.1334229800  0.031966756 -0.005334061
#> 82   0.1342944135  0.051483289 -0.018591843
#> 83   0.0663801654  0.032228588  0.013417442
#> 84   0.0541322276 -0.022445561 -0.104365504
#> 85   0.0245767726 -0.141788119 -0.144564410
#> 86  -0.0722154109 -0.096045974 -0.062218849
#> 87  -0.0445848827  0.084356003  0.021108717
#> 88   0.1181116322  0.146700084  0.077626985
#> 89   0.0187462824 -0.062145801 -0.083475281
#> 90   0.1135285492 -0.019056421  0.005052273
#> 91   0.0956539957 -0.020138632 -0.153544122
#> 92  -0.0021285059  0.004365253 -0.083782656
#> 93   0.0844128445  0.042496972  0.003704795
#> 94   0.1724493321 -0.022554188  0.011102543
#> 95   0.0730820891 -0.027897197 -0.060929469
#> 96   0.0154743834 -0.027489822 -0.130456346
#> 97   0.0328733983 -0.033294519 -0.075227458
#> 98   0.0132266974  0.057898249 -0.011266985
#> 99   0.1318447464 -0.040581137  0.113429843
#> 100  0.0511438467 -0.019582682 -0.033256352
#> 101 -0.0743367465 -0.214286328 -0.027939433
#> 102  0.0596857075 -0.112995779 -0.022987468
#> 103 -0.0479974810  0.043248148  0.033575257
#> 104  0.0040128894 -0.034875332 -0.133752619
#> 105 -0.0251977657 -0.084322325 -0.009246027
#> 106 -0.0683574897  0.124110556 -0.057515529
#> 107  0.1333573099 -0.210341675 -0.075521296
#> 108 -0.0358749356  0.138901570 -0.135041056
#> 109  0.0607591222  0.083973252 -0.049077575
#> 110 -0.1640603917 -0.084732296  0.059475232
#> 111 -0.0591636030 -0.060660846  0.061189334
#> 112  0.0360145587 -0.004941839  0.033091599
#> 113 -0.0358052527 -0.005613642  0.083061354
#> 114  0.0992607340 -0.123671537  0.056252056
#> 115  0.0377713992 -0.213959923  0.156381596
#> 116 -0.0577534557 -0.136071618  0.108844086
#> 117 -0.0218309163 -0.007977918 -0.088119032
#> 118 -0.2183469966  0.027256038 -0.155331113
#> 119 -0.0015185496  0.149899103  0.025635545
#> 120  0.1457614800  0.057021524 -0.036977139
#> 121 -0.0777568105 -0.050044030  0.095278929
#> 122  0.0488304906 -0.176503041  0.015745775
#> 123 -0.0353262612  0.182746756 -0.072238136
#> 124  0.0411482094  0.001156975  0.079398977
#> 125 -0.0865921500 -0.063610325 -0.034970557
#> 126 -0.0860674097  0.089513520 -0.123863584
#> 127  0.0270210935 -0.027694307  0.071151154
#> 128 -0.0054953554 -0.071979154 -0.004909651
#> 129  0.0160012432 -0.057686743  0.017636056
#> 130 -0.0480214151  0.152526807 -0.118120689
#> 131 -0.0221437147  0.155123226 -0.010167944
#> 132 -0.2242963714  0.105176629 -0.120083860
#> 133  0.0152486943 -0.075481550  0.056735715
#> 134  0.0250165230  0.039107832 -0.105712982
#> 135  0.0692889027  0.035108428 -0.277684505
#> 136 -0.0731737275  0.115712475  0.167853641
#> 137 -0.0912602228 -0.201594725  0.020199186
#> 138 -0.0360769168 -0.038550928 -0.122208731
#> 139 -0.0014709075 -0.088840326  0.002971755
#> 140 -0.0577434950  0.002700873  0.110734472
#> 141 -0.0524277845 -0.091292798  0.140428754
#> 142 -0.0588919389 -0.027723560  0.266459419
#> 143  0.0596857075 -0.112995779 -0.022987468
#> 144 -0.0740890166 -0.072070383  0.025634706
#> 145 -0.0896023456 -0.134789552  0.121428077
#> 146 -0.0330481333 -0.054620974  0.220825832
#> 147  0.0765799034  0.005620663  0.124915218
#> 148 -0.0229793601 -0.038402352  0.067605916
#> 149 -0.0863643414 -0.198939364  0.014822811
#> 150  0.0020780018 -0.112588405 -0.092514345